blog – Page 2

DUETS ACROSS GENRES

by Jayant S

While the classical guitar is well-established as a solo instrument, with substantial serious repertoire having accumulated particularly since the second half of the twentieth century, it remains relatively unrepresented in ensemble music. Of course, there is some guitar music for duos and upwards, and a number of outstanding concertos, but there remains substantial opportunity for more material, particularly that featuring other instruments.

The combination of the piano and guitar is a case in point. Until the establishment of high-quality amplification for a classical guitar, it would have been extremely difficult to balance these instruments within their optimal sonic and expressive ranges. The guitar has a comparatively limited dynamic range which can be completely drowned out by a piano. I’ve been preoccupied for some years with the search for repertoire that combines the best of both instruments, without much luck. Of course, there are several good guitar concertos which can be played with their piano reductions, and Rose and I have performed three of these, but they don’t represent real piano-guitar music and well, concertos can be a bit long. The last one we performed – Nikita Koshkin’s Megaron Concerto – was all of forty minutes.

I recently discovered the Fantasia for Guitar and Piano (1953) by the Italian composer Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco. Within two movements that last only ten minutes in total, the Fantasia encompasses substantial textural space which brings out multiple possibilities in the combination of both instruments. The music is quite “visual” in expression, unsurprisingly so, considering that Castenouvo-Tedesco wrote music for over 200 MGM films in his career.

Some concertos, of course, are not all that long, and can also feature very well-considered piano reductions that actually sound like parts written for the piano. Leo Brouwer’s celebrated Concerto Elegiaco (1985) is a fine example. Dedicated to Julian Bream, this is a sombre piece of music in three movements, and provides substantial expressive opportunities for both instruments.

Rose and I do happen to be essentially jazz musicians, which probably inspires us to bring some irreverent and unapologetic eclecticism to our classical performances. Trying to work in both broader genres can be interesting – my improvisational approach on the guitar and the bass has become quite exacting in terms of note choices, timbre and technical control, and I seem to approach classical music with improved sonic awareness. Well, most of the time anyway.

We will be performing the Fantasia and the Concerto Elegiaco for the first part of a concert in July. The second half will feature jazz, mostly mainstream, mostly piano and upright bass, but we just might throw in a few surprises.

The Pune Guitar Society will present Rose E and Jayant S in performance at the Mazda Hall, Pune, on 10 July 2019. Many thanks are due to the Poona Music Society for their continued support.

The Pune Guitar Society(PGS) is excited to publish the first in a series of articles on the Russian composer Nikita Koshkin.

NIKITA KOSHKIN: Intermittent Hearings

Jayant S

The celebrated Russian guitarist and composer Nikita Arnoldovich Koshkin (born 1956) needs no introduction to any serious modern classical guitarist. In a prolific performing and compositional career that shows no signs of abating, Koshkin has threaded a unique sonic voice into the history of the instrument, and his works continue to be played by guitarists around the world.

I will not write down biographical notes on the maestro here, as this has been done adequately several times by many others, and especially so in the highly engrossing PhD dissertation by the Greek virtuoso guitarist Elena Papandreou. This is dedicated to Koshkin’s Megaron Concerto, but her biographical notes on Koshkin are also extensively and well worth reading. She has been a dedicatee of many Koshkin works and is also close musical associate.

https://arrow.dit.ie/appadoc/48/

Hearings: 2004-2007

My first encounter with Nikita Koshkin’s music was in 2004, when I came across a DVD featuring John Williams playing the Usher Waltz, which happens to be Koshkin’s best-known repertoire piece. This is a texturally diverse and episodic composition, inspired by Edgar Allen Poe’s The Rise and the Fall of the House of Usher, and was like nothing else I had ever heard before.

Soon after this, I listened to the Ballads Suite in a recording by Elena Papandreou, which seemed to be in a completely different musical style. The Ballads are a musically relatively conventional suite, and remain accessible to listeners despite their inbuilt complex and sophisticated harmonic treatment. Hearing these, I could well believe that Koshkin spent time in his youth playing rock guitar: the Led Zeppelin influences are quite discernible. Ballad V, in particular, was of great interest to me with its distinct sections and almost jazz-flavoured chord modulation.

Intrigued, I ordered the sheet music for the Usher Waltz. The Ballads came in a larger Mel Bay collection of Koshkin’s music and did not arrive until two days before I had to leave for Korea for a work visit in August 2016. I really wanted to start on Ballad V and was planning to carry my guitar to Korea, but a wave of airline security scares in that month saw a complete ban on cabin baggage out of Mumbai. Not even a small case, let alone a guitar.

I did find a workaround – by buying a gigantic suitcase that my Graduette collapsible guitar would fit into diagonally and which I could then check in. I ended up hauling that suitcase on a road trip down the length of South Korea from Seoul to Busan, and had hotel staff and colleagues wondering what I was doing with such a huge suitcase for a five-day visit. They were too polite to ask outright. But that is another story.

Both the Usher Waltz and Ballad V ended up on my 2007 Trinity Licentiate Examination repertoire. I enjoyed learning and playing them, and it must have showed. An excerpt from the Examination report on the Usher Waltz with which I had opened the recital:

“The waltz rhythm was beautifully articulated with very musical rubato moments and portamento moments. The harmonic passages were clear and tonally secure.”

Those “rubato moments”, to me, seemed a critical part of the Usher Waltz which is ostensibly a waltz, but sardonically celebrates its literary protagonist’s descent into insanity. To be honest, I wasn’t thinking of “rubato” in its orthodox sense, but had instead tried to imagine how a lunatic would stagger through a waltz. As for the end of the piece, I could only think of flies buzzing. Really. In the decade since then, with my core musical preoccupations centering into mainstream jazz and upright bass work, the little time that I had available for the classical guitar was largely invested into a selection of Leo Brouwer compositions. I did learn the entire Ballads Suite and played it in a couple of recitals, but did not approach any new Koshkin material for several years.

Hearings: 2017-2018:

Having worked through and performed Leo Brouwer’s Concerto de Toronto and the Concerto Elegiaco in 2016 and 2017, it was now time to look for other composers. After the highly rational and structured textures that characterise Leo Brouwer’s writing, it was difficult to relate to other guitar composers. I toyed around with a few scores by others, but they did not really draw me in. After the Brouwer Concerti, I needed something at least as magnificent.

I then purchased a recording of Nikita Koshkin’s Megaron Concerto featuring Elena Papandreou and the Singapore Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Lan Shui.

https://itunes.apple.com/nz/album/nikita-koshkin-megaron-concerto-guitar-quintet/551656701

I have to admit that the initial few (and admittedly casual) listenings did not impress me much. The dissonances seemed forced, the more melodic passages sounded trite, and the sections with soundboard and fingerboard tapping seemed gimmicky. But then, this was Koshkin, and I decided to make myself listen to it repeatedly until it made some sense.

It did, eventually, in an unexpected way. Listening to the first Allegro Sostenuto movement while idly surfing the Internet, I came across a short horror film by David Sandberg:

https://vimeo.com/82920243

Somehow the film burned the music into my mind, irrevocably. Months later, going through Elena Papandreou’s dissertation, it was almost serendipitious to read:

“In the ‘Megaron’ Concerto, Koshkin used an idea that he had not used before: while the melody would require him to change harmonies in the accompaniment, in some places he decided instead to maintain the same harmony (in this case, a D minor chord) throughout. As he states ‘this gives a macabre colour, very dark and depressing.’”

Subsequently I discovered the third Adagio movement of the Megaron Concerto. This includes a short (and hair-raising) orchestral minor melodic passage ascending successively in fifths. I messaged Koshkin on Facebook soon after hearing this:

The Adagio in your Megaron Concerto is beautiful beyond words….

To which he replied, simply:

Thank you.

The music for the Concerto, along with a piano reduction, was soon obtained from Edition Margaux. At this time, the Pune Guitar Society was also thinking of our next major recital event, having organised a Brouwer concert in 2017. The idea of preparing a Koshkin-themed recital became self-evident.

At the time of writing, I am working on the Megaron Concerto here in Pune. Rosemarie Eilert, who has been my long-term musical collaborator through countless mainstream jazz performances as well as the Brouwer concerti, is out there in Sydney with the piano reduction. Kabir, Justin and Kuldeep have all made their solo Koshkin repertoire selections which will all feature in a concert dedicated to his work, possibly during January 2019 in Pune. I believe it will have an unprecedented sonic diversity, but will actually present only a small subset from the oeuvre of the maestro.

The Megaron, in its 35-minute length, contains a vast musical landscape within itself. The second Allegro Assai movement has a simple theme which remains simple, even as a world of sophistication emerges gradually around it. The final Vivo has some genuinely satisfying Aeoliean passages in D minor which gradually yield to a revisiting of the macabre overtones from the first movement.

The guitar parts for the Megaron are fiendishly difficult, and constitute the most challenging music I’ve ever taken up regardless of genre. While the Papandreou dissertation provides an extremely valuable guideline (and her own recorded interpretation is umabiguously brilliant) it will be several months yet before I begin to reach some sort of cohesive performance standard. So far, I have sketched through the score several times, pondered over the musical strategies that each section will demand, and also identified several areas in which my guitar technique needs focused work to handle the interpretation. However, it is difficult to put down the guitar once I start a practice session on this work: it unfolds almost constantly, and in unexpected and delightful ways, with every reading.

It has to be said: the fingerings in the published score for the Megaron were prepared by Elena Papandreaou and have been very well-considered indeed. This is the first time I am working on a score with close attention to fingerings, both for the right and left hands, without having to change anything. Well, except for a few places in which my sacrilegious tendency to use the 3 and 4 fingers for the odd partial barre takes over.

I was in Korea again a few days ago. No, not with the guitar or the monster suitcase, alas, but I did listen to the recording several times in the hotel and on the flights. It continues to astonish and fascinate.

Readers are encouraged to listen to the many published recordings of Nikita Koshkin’s music and to discover for themselves the essential body of work by this modern composer. The PGS looks forward to welcoming listeners to our own Koshkin concert, which will hopefully raise further interest in his enormous musical contribution.

Image Credit – http://physiology.med.unc.edu/tgs/artists/koshkin/nikita_koshkin_bio.html